Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the first person of African-American descent who became president of Harvard Law (Faculty of Law, Harvard University). He worked as a community organizer, and also worked as a civil rights lawyer in Chicago before serving three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004. He also taught Constitutional Law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. After an unsuccessful bid for seats in the U.S. House in 2000, Obama was elected to the Senate in November 2004. Obama delivered the essence of the address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004.
As a member of the minority Democrats in the 109. Congress, Obama helped create legislation to control conventional weapons and promoting greater public accountability in the use of federal funds. He also made official trips to Eastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa. In Congress he helped create legislation regarding the selection, negotiation and fraud, climate change, nuclear terrorism, and care for U.S. military personnel returning from combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Barack Obama was born at Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women & Children in Honolulu, Hawaii, from Mother Ann Dunham, a white American from Wichita, Kansas from the predominately British descent. Obama's father was Barack Obama, Sr., a Luo Nyang'oma from Kogelo, Nyanza Province, Kenya. His parents met in 1960 while attending the event at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where his father was a foreign student. The couple later married on February 2, 1961, they separated when Obama was two years old and divorced in 1964. Obama's father returned to Kenya and saw his son only once more before dying in a car accident in 1982.
After the divorce, Dunham married Indonesian student Lolo Soetoro, they met while attending a college in Hawaii. When Suharto as a military leader to power in 1967 in Indonesia. Then Obama and his family moved to Indonesia. Small Obama later attended local schools in Jakarta, such as Besuki Public and School St. Francis of Assisi School, until he was ten years old.
He then returned to Honolulu to live with his maternal grandparents, Madelyn and Stanley Armour Dunham, while attending Punahou School from fifth grade in 1971 until graduating from high school in 1979. Obama's mother returned to Hawaii in 1972 for five years, then in 1977 returned to Indonesia, where he worked as a worker in the field of anthropology. He lived there spent the rest of his life, then returned to Hawaii in 1994. She died of ovarian cancer in 1995.
After high school, Obama moved to Los Angeles, where he studied at Occidental College for two years. He was later transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he became chairman in political science with a specialization in international relations. Obama graduated with a BA from Columbia in 1983. He worked for a year at Business International Corporation and then at the New York Public Interest Research Group.
After four years in New York City, Obama moved to Chicago, where he was hired as director of the Developing Communities Project (DCP), a church community-based organization originally comprising eight Catholic parishes in Greater Roseland (Roseland, West Pullman, and Riverdale ) away in Chicago's South Side. He worked there for three years from June 1985 to May 1988. Over the past three years as the DCP's director, its staff grew from one to thirteen and the annual budget grew from $ 70,000 to $ 400,000 including helping set up job training programs, a preparatory school tutoring programs and tenant rights organization in Altgeld Gardens. Obama also worked as a consultant and instructor for the Gamaliel Foundation, a body of people organized. In mid 1988, he traveled for the first time to Europe for three months and then for five months in Kenya, where he met many paternal relatives for the first time.
Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was elected as editor of the Harvard Law Review at the end of that first year and as president of the journals in the second year. During the summer, he returned to Chicago where he worked as an attorney law firm of Sidley & Austin in 1989 and Hopkins & Sutter in 1990. After graduating with a Juris Doctor (JD) magna cum laude from Harvard in 1991, he returned to Chicago.
From April to October 1992, Obama directed Illinois Project Vote, voter registration is a drive with ten staff and seven hundred volunteers; was reached with the purpose of registration of 150,000 than 400,000 Africans are not registered in the U.S., and led to Crain's Chicago Business name Obama his 1993 list "40 under Forty" powers to it.
After twelve years, Obama served as a professor at the University of Chicago Law School teaching Constitutional Law. He was first classified as a Lecturer 1992-1996, and later as Senior Lecturer from 1996 to 2004. [39] He also joined Davis, Miner, Barnhill & Galland, a twelve-special legal counsel for civil rights litigation and neighborhood economic development, where he is an ally for three years from 1993 to 1996, then of counsel from 1996 until 2004, with law license became inactive in 2002.
Obama is a founding member of the board of directors of Public allies in 1992, before his wife, Michelle, became executive director of Chicago established the Public allies in early 1993. He served from 1994 to 2002 on the board of directors of Woods Fund of Chicago, who in 1985 became the first foundation to fund the Community Development Project, and also from 1994 to 2002 on the board of directors of the Joyce Foundation. Obama worked on the board of directors of the Chicago Annenberg Challenge in 1995-2002, and became president and chairman of the board of directors from 1995 to 1999. He also worked on the board of directors of the Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Center for Environmental Technology, and Lugenia Burns Hope Center.
Obama was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1996, following the State Senator Alice Palmer as Senator from Illinois's 13th District, which then spanned Chicago South Side of Hyde Park RW-Kenwood south to South Shore and west to Chicago Lawn. Once elected, Obama is supported by two political parties gain support for legislative reforms and ethics of health care law. He sponsored a law increasing tax credits for low-income workers, negotiated welfare improvement, and promote increased subsidies for children. In 2001, as co-chairman who seconded by the bipartisan Joint Committee on Administrative Rules,
In July 2004, Obama wrote and delivered the essence of the address at the Democratic National Convention 2004 in Boston, Massachusetts. After explaining to the mother grandfather of experience as a veteran of World War II and the benefits of the New Deal of the FHA and GI Bill programs, Obama spoke about changes in U.S. government economic and social priorities. He questioned the Bush administration from the management of the Iraq War and highlighted America from its obligation to the soldiers. Drawing examples from U.S. history, he criticized the partisan views of American voters and to seek unity in diversity, and said, "There is no liberal America and a conservative America, there is the United States." Although it wasn't televised by the three major network newscasts, the combined 9.1 million viewers watched on PBS, CNN, MSNBC, Fox News and C-SPAN to see Obama's speech, which is the highlight of the convention and confirmed his status as an intelligent Democrat new star.
Obama's expected to be the opponent in the general election, Republican primary winner Jack Ryan, himself from the race in June 2004. Two months later, and less than three months before Election Day, Alan Keyes accepted the Illinois Republican Party nomination to replace Ryan. In the November 2004 general election, Obama received 70% of the vote to Keyes's 27%, one of the biggest victories for the state of race in Illinois history.
Obama in taking oath as senator on January 4, 2005. Senatot Obama is the fifth African-American in U.S. history, and the third to have been popularly elected (see Constitution of the United States Seventeenth Amendment.) In congress 2008 he was ranked as the eleventh most powerful Senator.
Legislation
Obama also sponsored legislation that would be required nuclear plant owners to notify state and local authorities of radioactive leaks, but the bill failed to pass the full Senate after much modified in committee. [80] Obama does not incur the enmity of Tort reform and vote for the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005 and FISA Amendments Act of 2008, which grants immunity from civil liability to telecommunications companies complicit in warrantless NSA operations dr voice telephone connection.
On February 10, 2007, Obama announced himself to the nomination of President of the United States in front of the Old State Capitol in Springfield, Illinois. During the campaign, Obama emphasized the issue of rapidly end the Iraq War, increasing energy independence, and providing universal health care.
After some early contests, the field narrowed to a contest between Obama and Senator Hillary Clinton, with each winning a few races remaining countries and cover the entire primary process. On 31 May, the Democratic National Committee agreed to seat all Michigan and Florida dispute guest at the national convention, each with a half-vote, narrowing Obama's delegate lead. [111] On June 3, with all states counted, Obama passed the threshold into allegations that candidate. [112] [113] On that day, he gave a victory speech in St. Paul, Minnesota. Clinton suspended her campaign and supported him on June 7. [114] From the meantime, he campaigned for the general election race against Senator John McCain, the Republican candidate.
On August 23, 2008, Obama was elected as Delaware Senator Joe Biden as vice presidential running mate.
At the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado, Obama from former rival Hillary Clinton in her speech to give Obama the support of the candidacy and later called Obama to be nominated by acclamation as the Democratic presidential candidate. On Aug. 28, Obama delivered a speech to 84,000 supporters in Denver. During the speech, which has been seen by more than 38 million people around the world, he received a nomination from the party and the policy goals are presented.
After McCain has been nominated as a candidate for president of the Republic, there are three presidential debates between Obama and McCain in September and October 2008. In November, Obama won the presidency with 53% of the popular vote and many electoral college margin. His election sparked celebrations in various cities in the United States and abroad. Then President-elect Obama then met with President George W. Bush in the Oval Office, 10 November 2008.
On November 4, 2008, Barack Obama beat John McCain in the general election with 365 electoral votes to McCain and become the first American president of African descent. In a victory speech, delivered before a crowd of hundreds of thousands of supporters in Chicago's Grant Park, Obama said that "The change has come to America."
On January 8, 2009, joint session of U.S. Congress met to explain that assessed the Electoral College for the 2008 presidential election. Based on the calculation of electoral votes, Barack Obama, who has been declared the winner of presidential elections in the United States and Joseph Biden, who has been declared elected vice-president of the United States.
Referensi :
http://kolom-biografi.blogspot.com/2009/01/biografi-barack-obama.html
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